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FBI, MI5 Chiefs Warn that China is Biggest ‘Game-Changing Threat’ to ‘Economic & National Security’_我的网站

A | Beijing has been branded the “biggest long-term threat to economic security” by the head of the FBI and the leader of Britain’s domestic intelligence agency.,FBI chief, Christopher Wray, in a rare joint appearance with Ken McCallum, the head of MI5, warned business leaders that the Chinese government was purportedly “set on stealing your technology, whatever it is that makes your industry tick, and using it to undercut your business and dominate your market”.,In a speech at MI5’s London headquarters, Wray and McCallum reaffirmed previously voiced concerns about economic espionage and hacking operations ostensibly being carried out covertly by Beijing.,“We consistently see that it’s the Chinese government that poses the biggest long-term threat to our economic and national security, and by ‘our’, I mean both of our nations, along with our allies in Europe and elsewhere,” Wray said.,Today in London, #FBI Director Christopher Wray and #MI5 Director General Ken McCallum addressed the threat posed by the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese government, and why partnerships are crucial to combating it. Read more at: https://t.co/ASdtLyGbpc. pic.twitter.com/sjaOpXFRDG— FBI (@FBI) July 6, 2022,According to Ken McCallum, MI5 was currently running seven times as many investigations into China’s activities as it had been four years ago. Aware of the growing “threats”, he added that the agency planned to consistently tackle the “attempts at inference” which pervade “so many aspects of our national life”.,The British intelligence officer who has been serving as the Director General of MI5 since 2020 hailed the fact that this was the first time the heads of the FBI and MI5 had shared a public platform.,“We’re doing so to send the clearest signal we can on a massive shared challenge: China,” McCallum said. He went on to denounce Beijing’s purported “covert pressure across the globe,” which amounted to “the most game-changing challenge we face.”,China Poses ‘Unprecedented’ Espionage, Cyber Security Threats to US, FBI Director Claims 25 April, 04:18 GMT,In response, a spokesman for the Chinese embassy in Washington, Liu Pengyu, slammed the unsubstantiated allegations spearheaded by the western leaders.,China, “firmly opposes and combats all forms of cyber-attacks,” he underscored in an emailed statement to the Associated Press.,“We will never encourage, support or condone cyber-attacks,” the statement added.,FBI Director Christopher Wray had brought up the alleged proliferation of cybersecurity attacks linked to China earlier in the year, as Federal Bureau of Investigation asserted that intelligence officials were facing cybersecurity and espionage threats from Beijing that were “unprecedented in history.,“The biggest threat we face as a country from a counterintelligence perspective is from the People’s Republic of China, and especially the Chinese Communist Party,” Wray stated in an interview at FBI headquarters on April 21, cited by a “60 Minutes” broadcast.,Wray yet again accused China of targeting American innovation, trade secrets, and intellectual property “on a scale that’s unprecedented in history.”,US Must Immediately Stop Cyberattacks Against China - Chinese Foreign Ministry14 March, 11:35 GMT,China has been consistently dismissing such allegations, calling on Washington, in turn, to adopt a more responsible position on cyberspace and stop cyberattacks against China.,"China urges the US government to take a more responsible position on cyberspace and stop malicious network activity immediately," Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian said earlier this year, while slamming the US a "hacker empire."。

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C | 王灿发分析,该条第一款授权“县级以上地方人民政府环境卫生主管部门负责组织开展厨余垃圾资源化、无害化处理工作”,也就是说厨余垃圾的资源化、无害化处理工作由环卫部门负责,而不是由生态环境主管部门负责。第二款要求“产生、收集厨余垃圾的单位和其他生产经营者,应当将厨余垃圾交由具备相应资质条件的单位进行无害化处理”,其中所说的“单位和其他生产经营者”包括学校、机关、企业等的食堂,从事餐饮服务的宾馆、饭店、个体工商户等,而不包括家庭个人餐厨垃圾的产生和收集,即不包括家庭“剩菜剩饭”。即使是个人,也必须是从事生产经营者。

D | 第三款是禁止性条款,即“禁止畜禽养殖场利用未经无害化处理的厨余垃圾饲喂畜禽”,也就是说,畜禽养殖场是不能随便将厨余垃圾饲喂畜禽的。只有经过无害化处理的厨余垃圾,才能饲喂畜禽。“法典没有禁止家庭个人将剩菜剩饭直接饲喂家庭自己养殖的少量畜禽,比如,农村家庭将家里的剩菜剩饭饲喂自己家养的猪狗鸡鸭,是不在禁止之列的。而且根据法典规定,利用未经无害化处理的厨余垃圾饲喂畜禽也不在禁止之列。”王灿发说。

E | 在处罚方面,生态环境法典第1174条规定对“产生、收集厨余垃圾的单位和其他生产经营者未将厨余垃圾交由具备相应资质条件的单位进行无害化处理”的,处十万元以上一百万元以下的罚款;对个人的这类违法行为处一百元以上五百元以下的罚款。同时,法典第1231条规定,对“畜禽养殖场利用未经无害化处理的厨余垃圾饲喂畜禽”的,由生态环境主管部门、环境卫生主管部门按照职责分工责令改正,可以处十万元以下的罚款;情节严重的,报经有批准权的人民政府批准,责令停业、关闭。违法行为是否一律处罚?“根据生态环境法典第1231条规定,如果投喂的泔水未经无害化处理,则可能受到相应处罚。”中国社会科学院法学研究所生态法研究室助理研究员林潇潇说,但需要注意的是,第一,在一般情形下,本条的“强制性”责任是责令整改,罚款是执法机关“可以”采取的处罚形式,这意味着执法机关应在必要而非所有情况下进行罚款处罚;第二,根据法典第1056条规定,“违法行为轻微并及时改正,没有造成危害后果的,不予处罚”,因此,罚款并非必然结果。林潇潇告诉记者,禁止泔水等未经处理的厨余养殖,立法初衷是保障公共卫生安全和食品安全。国务院办公厅于2018年印发关于进一步做好非洲猪瘟防控工作的通知,明确要求“严防餐厨废弃物直接流入养殖环节”。2020年固体废物污染环境防治法的修改反映了该项要求,而相关条款也最终被纳入生态环境法典,并实现了相应的优化调整。对于广大养殖户或相关经营主体而言,应正确认识生态环境法典相关条款的意义和必要性,自觉遵守法律。
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